Gasgoo Munich- Complaints regarding new energy vehicle (NEV) manufacturers secretly "locking battery capacity" via over-the-air (OTA) updates have surged. In response, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) has launched investigations and summoned multiple automakers. This highlights the tension between OTA compliance and consumer protection.
Data from CCTV indicates that in March 2026, the national 12315 platform received over 12,000 complaints about OTA battery locking, a 273% increase year-on-year. The MIIT intervened, issuing regulatory warnings to eight automakers. Three companies are under investigation for unauthorized battery locking, while two withdrew controversial OTA packages and pledged to restore original range and performance specs.
"Battery locking" refers to the practice where automakers unilaterally alter battery management system (BMS) parameters via OTA updates or software refresheswithout owner consent. This restricts charging limits, discharge depth, and power output, reducing driving range, charging speed, and acceleration. The issue is not new. Following spontaneous combustion incidents involving the WM Motor EX5 in 2021, the brand locked batteries via OTA updates, drawing criticism from the China Consumers Association.
Manufacturers claim these restrictions optimize battery safety, reduce fire risks, and slow degradation. However, the primary motivation is financial: reducing warranty costs. For an automaker selling millions of units annually, battery locking can save billions in expenses annually. This practice shifts operational risks and depreciation costs to vehicle owners.
Legal experts state that unauthorized OTA battery locking violates consumer protection laws, infringing on owners' rights to information and choice. It also constitutes a breach of contract by altering factory performance specifications. Many owners have suffered losses, including reduced range and charging speeds after updates, while after-sales services attribute issues to weather or "system safety optimization" rather than modified battery parameters.
People's Daily noted that vehicle safety must not be used to evade responsibility. The industry must operate within the MIIT's regulatory framework, implementing robust OTA filing systems and informing owners of potential impacts and risks before updates. Choice must be returned to the user. Adhering to compliance and respecting consumer rights are necessary for sustainable growth in the NEV sector.
